Uterine Myomatosis

Uterine myomatosis is the appearance of fibroids or fibroids in a woman's uterus. These are the most common pelvic tumour, as approximately 20% of women of reproductive age suffer from them.

These are benign tumours that are classified according to their location, which can be:
- Intramural
- Submucosal
- Subserosal

Causes

Although the specific cause of uterine fibroids is not known, their occurrence is thought to be related to a genetic predisposition. Their growth is also associated with the hormonal activity of the ovaries, in particular the production of oestrogen and progesterone.

Uterine fibroids appear during a woman's reproductive years, grow during pregnancy (when hormone levels are high) and disappear after menopause, when hormone levels are lowers.

Symptoms

Approximately 25% of uterine fibroids are asymptomatic. However, they can also manifest themselves through:

Feeling of pressure in the lower abdomen

Heavy menstrual bleeding

Longer than normal menstrual periods

Pelvic cramps or painful menstrual periods

Bleeding not related to menstruation

Difficulty or pain when urinating

Infertility

Recurrent miscarriages

It is important to note that the symptoms of uterine myomatosis depend on the size, location and number of fibroids present.

Diagnosis

Uterine fibroids are often found accidentally during a routine pelvic exam. Irregularities in the shape of the uterus may be felt, suggesting the presence of fibroids.

A specialist may order an ultrasound to obtain an image of the uterus, in order to confirm the diagnosis and map and measure the fibroids.

Can I have a baby if I have uterine myomatosis?

Treatment may include:

- Oral contraceptives.
- Brief preoperative gonadotropin-releasing hormone therapy to shrink fibroids.
- Progestogen therapy.
- More definitive surgical procedures
(e.g. hysterectomy).

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