Low ovarian reserve is a condition that impacts a woman’s fertility, characterized by a reduced number and lower quality of eggs in the ovaries. Although it usually appears after age 35, genetic, environmental factors and certain diseases can accelerate this process in younger women. What is low ovarian reserve and how does it affect fertility? Ovarian reserve measures how many viable eggs (oocytes) you have. We are born with a limited number and, over time, both quantity and quality decline. When the antral follicles detected by ultrasound are few and the antimüllerian hormone (AMH) in blood is low, the chances of conceiving naturally decrease and assisted reproduction may be necessary. Why is ovarian reserve important for conception? Knowing your ovarian reserve helps you plan your path to motherhood or fatherhood more effectively. A healthy reserve generally responds well to stimulation treatments, producing more mature eggs for fertilization, whether naturally or via in vitro fertilization, and improves successful pregnancy rates. What causes low ovarian reserve? Some factors can accelerate egg loss: Advanced age: After 35, egg quality and quantity decline more rapidly. Genetic factors: FMR1 gene premutations or premature ovarian insufficiency reduce reserve. Medical treatments: Chemotherapy or pelvic radiation can damage the ovaries. Ovarian surgery: Removing cysts or endometriomas removes healthy follicles. Autoimmune diseases: Lupus or thyroid disorders affect ovarian function. How is low ovarian reserve diagnosed? The following are used to confirm this diagnosis: Hormonal tests: FSH >10 IU/L on day 3 of the cycle or AMH